Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test: Booking, Price, and Results
About Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test: Booking, Price, and Results
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | AML FISH Panel, Acute Myeloid Leukaemia FISH Panel, AML Cytogenetic Profile, AML Genetics Profile, Leukaemia Genetic Profile (AML), Interphase FISH AML, Fluorescent In Situ Hybridisation for Acute Myeloid Leukaemia |
| Sample Type | Bone marrow aspirate (preferred) or peripheral blood in a sodium heparin tube |
| Fasting Required | No fasting required |
| Report Time | 2 to 10 days |
| Recommended For | Adults and children of all genders with suspected or diagnosed AML |
| Price | Starting at ₹12,000 |
What is a Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test?
The AML FISH Panel is a specialised genetic test used to identify chromosomal abnormalities in cells associated with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), a type of blood cancer. It uses fluorescent in situ hybridisation for acute myeloid leukaemia, a technique that attaches fluorescent probes to specific DNA sequences to reveal changes in chromosome structure. The test is ordered by doctors when AML is suspected or already diagnosed, and it uses a bone marrow sample or, in some cases, peripheral blood. It is also known as the AML Profile by FISH or the Leukaemia Genetic Profile (AML).
What Does a Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test Measure?
The AML FISH Panel looks for specific chromosomal rearrangements, changes in how chromosomes are structured or arranged, that are known to occur in AML. The following parameters are examined in this panel:
| Parameter | What It Detects |
|---|---|
| ETO/AML1 (RUNX1/RUNX1T1) | A swap of genetic material between chromosomes 8 and 21, known as t(8;21) |
| PML/RARA | A translocation between chromosomes 15 and 17, linked to acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), a specific AML subtype |
| CBFB | An inversion or translocation involving chromosome 16, written as inv(16) or t(16;16) |
| MLL (KMT2A) | Rearrangements on the long arm of chromosome 11, referred to as 11q23 changes |
Some panels may also include probes for deletions on chromosomes 5 and 7, as well as MECOM rearrangements.
Why is a Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test Done?
Doctors order this test when they need to confirm a diagnosis of AML, determine its subtype, or understand how a patient is likely to respond to treatment.
Common Symptoms That May Require This Test
A doctor may request an AML cytogenetic profile when a patient presents with the following symptoms:
- Persistent fatigue without a clear cause
- Frequent or unusual infections
- Easy bleeding and bruising with red spots or purplish discolouration
- Loss of appetite or unexplained weight loss
- Shortness of breath
- Feeling of dizziness and headaches
- Heavy menstrual bleeding in women
- Anaemia
- Fever
- Discomfort in joints and bones
Conditions This Test Can Help Detect
The interphase FISH AML test helps identify or characterise the following:
- Specific chromosomal rearrangements in suspected or newly diagnosed AML
- Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) through detection of the PML/RARA fusion
- Favourable-risk AML subtypes associated with t(8;21) or inv(16)
- High-risk AML subtypes linked to 11q23 rearrangements involving the MLL gene
- Chromosomal changes that guide risk-adapted treatment planning
Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test for Chronic Disease Monitoring
Once a specific chromosomal abnormality is identified, the AML Profile by FISH can be repeated during or after treatment. It helps doctors track whether treatment is working and detect minimal residual disease, small numbers of leukaemic cells that may remain even when a patient appears to be in remission. This makes the test a valuable tool in long-term follow-up care.
How to Prepare and What to Expect
No special preparation is needed before this test, but there are a few practical steps that help ensure an accurate sample.
Do You Need to Fast?
No fasting is required before the leukaemia panel AML by FISH test. You can eat and drink normally before your appointment.
Practical Tips Before Your Test
Here are a few things to keep in mind before your sample is collected:
- Tell your doctor about all medications you are currently taking, as some may affect results
- Inform the healthcare team if you have any bleeding disorders before bone marrow collection
- Keep yourself well-rested and calm before the procedure
- If peripheral blood is being collected, wearing a short-sleeved or loose-fitting top is helpful
Step-by-Step Procedure
- Your doctor will explain the procedure and answer any questions before the sample is taken.
- A bone marrow sample is collected; this is the preferred sample for the AML FISH Panel. In some cases, peripheral blood may be used instead.
- The collected sample is transferred into a sodium heparin tube and kept at room temperature.
- The sample is sent to the laboratory promptly, ideally within 24 hours of collection.
- In the lab, cells are prepared, and fluorescent probes are applied. These probes attach to specific DNA sequences.
- A specialist examines approximately 200 cells under a fluorescence microscope to check for chromosomal changes in each probe set.
Factors That Can Affect Accuracy
- Poor sample quality or low cell viability at the time of collection
- Delayed transport to the laboratory beyond 24 hours
- Use of an incorrect anticoagulant (EDTA is not recommended; sodium heparin is preferred)
- A low number of leukaemic cells in a peripheral blood sample
- Prior chemotherapy, which may affect the detection of certain abnormalities
Understanding Your Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test Results
Results from this test are interpretive and should always be reviewed with your treating doctor or haematologist (blood specialist). The table below provides a general overview of what different results may indicate.
| Parameter | Normal (Negative) Result | Abnormal (Positive) Result |
|---|---|---|
| ETO/AML1 (RUNX1/RUNX1T1) | No fusion detected | t(8;21) translocation present; associated with a favourable outlook |
| PML/RARA | No fusion detected | t(15;17) translocation present; specific to APL subtype |
| CBFB | No rearrangement detected | inv(16) or t(16;16) present; favourable prognostic indicator |
| MLL (KMT2A) | No rearrangement detected | 11q23 rearrangement present; associated with less favourable outcomes in some subtypes |
These ranges are general guidelines. Your doctor will interpret your results based on your age, health history, and other factors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalised medical advice.
A negative result does not completely rule out the presence of abnormal cell growth, as around 33 to 50% of AML cases may show normal chromosomes on such panels.
Results During Special Conditions
Certain circumstances can affect how results are interpreted:
- EDTA tubes should not be used for this test, as they can interfere with cell culture growth required for some cytogenetic studies.
- Prior chemotherapy or other treatment may reduce the detectability of certain chromosomal changes.
- When peripheral blood is used instead of bone marrow, a low blast (abnormal cell) count can reduce the sensitivity of the test.
How to Maintain Healthy Levels
While this test does not have "normal levels" to maintain in the traditional sense, the following general steps support well-being during monitoring:
- Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your haematologist as recommended.
- Report any new or returning symptoms to your healthcare team promptly.
- Support your general health through balanced nutrition and adequate rest during and after treatment.
Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test Price and Home Collection
The Leukaemia Genetic Profile (AML) is available at Lupin Diagnostics starting at approximately ₹12,000, with home sample collection available in major cities.
| City | Approximate Price (₹) |
|---|---|
| Mumbai | ₹12,000 |
| Bhopal | ₹13,000 |
| Bangalore | ₹12,000 |
| Hyderabad | ₹12,000 |
| Chennai | ₹12,000 |
| Kolkata | ₹15,000 |
| Pune | ₹12,000 |
| Guwahati | ₹15,100 |
Prices are indicative and may vary by location. Please confirm the current price at the time of booking.
How to Book
- Select the test on the Lupin Diagnostics website.
- Choose your city and preferred time slot.
- Opt for home sample collection by a certified phlebotomist, or visit your nearest Lupin Diagnostics centre.
- Receive your report via email or WhatsApp within the stipulated turnaround time.
Home Collection
Lupin Diagnostics offers home sample collection for (blood samples only) across multiple cities, making it easier for patients who find travel difficult. All samples are processed in NABL-accredited laboratories by experienced technologists and pathologists. Digital reports are delivered directly to your registered email or WhatsApp account.
Frequently Asked Questions
The AML FISH Panel is a genetic test that looks for specific chromosomal changes in cells associated with acute myeloid leukaemia. It examines four key markers, ETO/AML1, PML/RARA, CBFB, and MLL, using fluorescent probes. The results help doctors diagnose AML, identify its subtype, and plan appropriate treatment.
Chromosome abnormalities are one of the strongest indicators of how AML is likely to behave and respond to treatment. The AML cytogenetic profile helps doctors identify distinct disease subtypes and tailor treatment intensity accordingly. Some abnormalities indicate a more favourable outlook, while others suggest a higher-risk disease course.
A bone marrow aspirate is the preferred sample for the interphase FISH AML test. This is collected by a trained doctor using a needle inserted into the bone, usually the hip bone. In some cases, peripheral blood drawn into a sodium heparin tube may be used as an alternative.
The complete AML FISH Panel typically takes 2 to 10 days, depending on the laboratory. Some individual FISH probes may be reported sooner, but the full panel interpretation requires adequate time for cell processing, microscopy, and clinical review.
A positive result means that one or more chromosomal abnormalities were detected in the cells examined. The specific abnormality found, such as t(8;21) or PML/RARA, provides important information about the AML subtype.
Yes. The Fluorescent In Situ Hybridisation for Acute Myeloid Leukaemia test can be repeated after treatment begins. It helps doctors check whether the targeted chromosomal abnormality is reducing in response to therapy, and whether any minimal residual disease remains. This makes it useful for ongoing monitoring, not just initial diagnosis.
A conventional karyotype examines all chromosomes broadly, while the AML Profile by FISH uses targeted fluorescent probes to detect specific rearrangements with greater sensitivity. FISH can identify changes in a smaller proportion of cells and generally has a faster turnaround time. The two tests are often used together for a more complete picture of the chromosomal changes in AML.
Leukaemia Panel, AML, by FISH Test: Booking, Price, and Results
